Unless you want to posit that there were teachers all the way back forever, there was a point somewhere in the past, either in history or prehistory, where someone within the human race broke through into enlightenment for the first time. Without this initial movement, which by definition occurred without the help of a teacher, the whole historical process of people teaching others could not have started.
It is not as simple as that. I am in fact positing that there have been teachers before the earth even existed. There have been many "breakthroughs." Life has been tended carefully on this planet until it became capable of receiving spritual knowledge, that is until it suddenly "broke through" and became the first truly human beings. This breakthrough was inevitable. The spiritual nature of man causes him to seek. To the extent that he is capable of receiving knowledge, he is
taught. Man does not simply awaken in a vacuum. Yet every single idea that appears on earth has appeared elsewhere within the vastness of the living cosmos. It is the height of arrogance and conceit to believe otherwise. It cannot have been otherwise. Consciousness is primary. We are not the acme of all life; rather, humans are much alike in that we are the least of the spiritual beings in creation. We seek to know, to learn, to become ever greater than we are. This "knowledge" that Gurdjieff refers to has been imparted numerous time to the human creatures of the earth; it is very much like the parable of the seed that is scattered: some seeds fall on barren ground. Occasionally, a seed will take.
I many other ways, humans are vastly different from one another. Most people do not concern themselves with esoteric ideas. Their spritual hungers are sated by the great McDonalds of organized religions at whose troughs they feed one day each week. Humanity's needs are duped by the quick answers of sound-byte spirituality. It is in this environment that the teachings Gurdjieff refers to get lost.
Cause and effect.
At any given time, there are two sides to it: the teachers and the ones who are taught. Seek and ye shall find (the answer, whether from a book or from a person.) Ask, and it shall be given unto you (
by somebody.) Knock, and it shall be
opened unto you.
It is a never-ending process of spiritual insights being taught ("he who has ears, let him hear") to the most receptive minds (esoteric) and passed outwards through the meso- to the exoteric.
Everybody has a hungry heart.
The answers are all around you. I have been saying this all along. The Hindu concept of
shrauti by which the seeker simply
intuits truth without its being specifically told to him is far from miraculous: he has been instructed up until that moment of epiphany and has gleaned a truth. If it is indeed a truth, it is ancient. It is merely new to
him.